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pcb设计工具kicad [2018/10/23 22:13]
gongyu 		pcb设计工具kicad [2018/10/23 23:17] (当前版本)
gongyu
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-KiCad是一种免费、开源的PCB设计工具，它提供了几乎满足任何项目所需的功能。它最初由法国人Jean-Pierre Charras开发，此工具提供了一个用于原理图输入和PCB布局布线的集成化开发环境，在这个工具中还有用于产生BOM、Gerber文件、对PCB及其上元器件进行3D查看的功能。+[[KiCad]]是一种免费、开源的PCB设计工具，它提供了几乎满足任何项目所需的功能。它最初由法国人Jean-Pierre Charras开发，此工具提供了一个用于原理图输入和PCB布局布线的集成化开发环境，在这个工具中还有用于产生BOM、Gerber文件、对PCB及其上元器件进行3D查看的功能。2013年CERN（欧洲核子研究组织）的BE-CO-HT部门开始贡献一些资源支持其成为开源硬件领域与商用的EDA工具相当的工具软件。 
 + 
 +===== 关于KiCad ===== 
 +KiCad于2015年12月发布了4.0.0版本，是第一个拥有很多由CERN开发者开发的高级工具的版本，CERN也希望通过捐款的方式支持更多的开发者完善这个软件，最新可以稳定使用的版本是5.0.1。
 {{ :​kicad_wiki.png?​300|}} {{ :​kicad_wiki.png?​300|}}
   * KiCad是一种全功能的PCB设计工具   * KiCad是一种全功能的PCB设计工具
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   * 应用和文档已翻译成多种语言   * 应用和文档已翻译成多种语言
  
 +KiCad工具套装包括5个重要的部分：
 +  * KiCad – 工程管理.
 +  * Eeschema – 原理图绘制编辑器.
 +  * Pcbnew – PCB布局布线，它包含了3D查看的功能.
 +  * GerbView – 查看Gerber文件.
 +  * Bitmap2Component – 将图像文件转变成PCB的封装库。
  
-更详细的介绍可以搜索维基百科：https://en.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​KiCad，下面我通过几个截图给大家简单介绍一下： +KiCad的官方网站：www.kicad-pcb.org
- +
- +
- +
-这8个图标分别是KiCAD的8大功能，很全面、强大 +
- +
- +
-KiCad系统自带的符号库 +
- +
-KiCad was created in 1992 by Jean-Pierre Charras while working at IUT de Grenoble.[7] Since then KiCad has gained a number of both volunteer and paid contributors. Notably in 2013 the CERN BE-CO-HT section started contributing resources towards KiCad to help foster open hardware development by helping improve KiCad to be on par with commercial EDA tools. +
- +
-KiCad adopted a point release versioning scheme in December 2015 starting with KiCad 4.0.0. This was the first release featuring the more advanced tools implemented by CERN developers. CERN hopes to contribute further to the development of KiCad by hiring a developer through donations. Contributions may be made through the links on KiCad'​s website. +
- +
-Components[edit] +
-The KiCad suite has five main parts: +
- +
-KiCad – the project manager. +
-Eeschema – the schematic capture editor. +
-Pcbnew – the PCB layout program. It also has a 3D view. +
-GerbView – the Gerber viewer. +
-Bitmap2Component – tool to convert images to footprints for PCB artwork. +
-Features +
-KiCad uses an integrated environment for all of the stages of the design process: Schematic capture, PCB layout, Gerber file generation/​visualization,​ and library editing. +
- +
-KiCad is a cross-platform program, written in C++ with wxWidgets to run on FreeBSD, Linux, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. Many component libraries are available, and users can add custom components. The custom components can be available on a per-project basis or installed for use in any project. There are also tools to help with importing components from other EDA applications,​ for instance EAGLE. Configuration files are in well documented plain text, which helps with interfacing version control systems, as well as with automated component generation scripts. +
- +
-Multiple languages are supported, such as English, Catalan, Czech, German, Greek, Spanish, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Dutch, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Slovene, Swedish, and Chinese. +
- +
-===== Eeschema ===== +
- +
-Eeschema has features including hierarchical schematic sheets, custom symbol creation, and an ERC (electrical rules check). Schematic symbols in Eeschema are very loosely coupled to footprints in Pcbnew to encourage reuse of footprints and symbols (e.g. a single 0805 footprint can be used for capacitors, resistors, inductors, etc.). +
- +
-===== Pcbnew ===== +
- +
-Internally Pcbnew supports up to 32 copper layers and 32 technical layers. Dimensions are stored with nanometer precision in signed 32-bit integers making the theoretical maximal PCB dimension 231 nm, or approximately 2.14 meters. +
- +
-Currently Pcbnew is being heavily refactored, including getting a new rendering engine (called the graphics abstraction layer, or GAL) with OpenGL and Cairo back ends. Pcbnew is also getting a new tool framework to more easily allow developers to add tools without having to deal with supporting multiple renderers. Due to this some tools are only available on the legacy XOR-based renderer and some are only available with the GAL renderers. +
- +
-KiCad has a built-in autorouter for basic, single connections. Alternatively,​ Alfons Wirtz'​s open-source Java-based FreeRouting[8] can be used to externally autoroute boards. Anthony Blake'​s Toporouter, a topological autorouter developed in 2008 for gEDA PCB as a Google-funded open source project mentored by DJ Delorie,[9] has been adapted for use with KiCad as well. +
- +
-A DRC (design rules check) is available to check for common logical errors. +
- +
-The 3D PCB viewing function is based on VRML models, and the board model can be exported for CAD integration. +
- +
-Some recent additions follow. +
- +
-An interactive router, which features the ability to walk around existing traces in the way or shove existing traces into a different position while maintaining their connectivity. +
- +
-High-speed PCB routing tools such as track-length matching and differential pair support. +
- +
-Python scripting support. +
- +
-===== Community ===== +
- +
-KiCad'​s popularity is fueled by its GerbView component[citation needed], used as Gerber viewer by users of other EDA software that does not support this feature such as CircuitMaker. +
- +
-Olimex has announced that they have switched from EAGLE to KiCad as their primary EDA tool.+
  
-很多器件的库文件（原理图符号、封装、3D模型）都可以从UltraLibrarian网站上找到并可以下载，我今天设计中用到的所有器件都在这个网站上，没有自己创建一个元器件的库，省去了自己创建库的时间，并保证了正确性。+===== KiCad的安装 ===== 
 +KiCad软件目前比较成熟的版本是5.0.1，可以从下面的URL链接地址进行下载安装： 
 +  * [[http://​downloads.kicad-pcb.org/​windows/​stable/​kicad-5.0.1_3-x86_64.exe|64位Windows版本的下载]] 
 +  * [[http://​downloads.kicad-pcb.org/​windows/​stable/​kicad-5.0.1_3-i686.exe|32位Windows版本的下载]] 
 +  * [[http://​downloads.kicad-pcb.org/​osx/​stable/​kicad-unified-5.0.1.dmg|Mac OS下载]] 
 +  * [[http://​kicad-pcb.org/​download/​ubuntu/​|Ubuntu下载及安装说明]] 
 +  * [[http://​kicad-pcb.org/​download/​debian/​|Debian下载及安装说明]]
  
 +===== 库文件的下载 =====
 +  * 官方的原理图符号库下载：https://​kicad.github.io/​symbols
 +  * 官方的PCB封装库下载：https://​kicad.github.io/​footprints
 +  * 官方的3D模型库：https://​kicad.github.io/​footprints
 +  * Digikey提供的库：https://​github.com/​digikey/​digikey-kicad-library/​
 +  * Sparkfun提供的库：https://​github.com/​sparkfun/​SparkFun-KiCad-Libraries
  
-这是我从UltraLibrarian上下载的Lattice的FPGA（XO2-1200系列）的封装库及3D模型库，很强大、很方便吧？+很多器件的库文件（原理图符号、封装、3D模型）都可以从[[http://​www.ultralibrarian.com|UltraLibrarian网站]]以及[[http://​www.snapeda.com|SnapEDA网站]]上找到并可以下载，利用好这些网站创建的成熟的库文件，可以节省自己创建库的时间，并保证了正确性。
  
 +===== 英文版教程 =====
 +  * Getting Started in KiCad：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​en/​getting_started_in_kicad.html
 +  * KiCad - Project Manage Window：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​en/​kicad.html
 +  * Eeschema - Schematic editor and component editor： http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​en/​eeschema.html
 +  * Pcbnew - Circuit board layout editor and footprint editor：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​en/​pcbnew.html
 +  * PL Editor - Page Layout Editor：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​en/​pl_editor.html
  
 +===== 中文教程 =====
   - [[KiCad简介]]   - [[KiCad简介]]
   - [[KiCad设计流程]]   - [[KiCad设计流程]]
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   - [[KiCad电路板布局布线]]   - [[KiCad电路板布局布线]]
   - [[KiCad封装库构建]]   - [[KiCad封装库构建]]
 +  - CvPcb（中文版） - Footprint selector helper (always run from Eeschema)：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​zh/​cvpcb.html
 +  - GerbView（中文版）：http://​docs.kicad-pcb.org/​stable/​zh/​gerbview.html