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8._计时控制 [2017/03/23 00:57] zhijun |
8._计时控制 [2018/12/13 14:40] zhijun [Verilog代码] |
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| 行 18: | 行 18: | ||
| // >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> COPYRIGHT NOTICE <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< | // >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> COPYRIGHT NOTICE <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< | ||
| // ******************************************************************** | // ******************************************************************** | ||
| - | // File name : debounce.v | + | // File name : counter.v |
| - | // Module name : debounce | + | // Module name : counter |
| // Author : STEP | // Author : STEP | ||
| // Description : | // Description : | ||
| 行 30: | 行 30: | ||
| // V1.0 |2017/03/02 |Initial ver | // V1.0 |2017/03/02 |Initial ver | ||
| // -------------------------------------------------------------------- | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
| - | // Module Function:计时器 | + | // Module Function:24秒倒计时计数器 |
| - | + | ||
| - | module segment_counter | + | module counter |
| ( | ( | ||
| - | clk , | + | clk , //时钟 |
| - | rst , | + | rst , //复位 |
| - | hold , | + | hold , //启动暂停按键 |
| - | seg_led_1 , | + | seg_led_1 , //数码管1 |
| - | seg_led_2 , | + | seg_led_2 , //数码管2 |
| + | led //led | ||
| ); | ); | ||
| + | |||
| input clk,rst; | input clk,rst; | ||
| input hold; | input hold; | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | output reg [8:0] seg_led_1,seg_led_2; | + | output [8:0] seg_led_1,seg_led_2; |
| - | + | output reg [7:0] led; | |
| - | reg clk_divided; | + | |
| - | reg hold_flag; | + | wire clk1h; //1Hz时钟 |
| - | reg back_to_zero_flag = 0; | + | wire hold_pulse; //按键消抖后信号 |
| + | reg hold_flag; //按键标志位 | ||
| + | reg back_to_zero_flag ; //计时完成信号 | ||
| reg [6:0] seg [9:0]; | reg [6:0] seg [9:0]; | ||
| - | reg [23:0] cnt; | + | reg [3:0] cnt_ge; //个位 |
| - | reg [3:0] cnt_ge; | + | reg [3:0] cnt_shi; //十位 |
| - | reg [3:0] cnt_shi; | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | parameter PERIOD=12000000; //1秒 | + | |
| - | + | ||
| initial | initial | ||
| begin | begin | ||
| 行 77: | 行 77: | ||
| end | end | ||
| - | always @ (posedge clk) begin // 用于分出一个1Hz的频率 | + | |
| - | if (!rst == 1) begin | + | |
| - | cnt <= 0; | + | // 启动/暂停按键进行消抖 |
| - | clk_divided <= 0; end | + | debounce U2 ( |
| - | else begin | + | .clk(clk), |
| - | if (cnt < PERIOD-1) | + | .rst(rst), |
| - | cnt <= cnt + 1; | + | .key(hold), |
| - | else begin | + | .key_pulse(hold_pulse) |
| - | cnt <= 0; | + | ); |
| - | clk_divided <= ~clk_divided; end | + | // 用于分出一个1Hz的频率 |
| - | end | + | divide #(.WIDTH(32),.N(12000000)) U1 ( |
| - | end | + | .clk(clk), |
| - | + | .rst_n(rst), | |
| - | always @ (*) begin | + | .clkout(clk1h) |
| - | if (!rst == 1) | + | ); |
| - | back_to_zero_flag <= 1; | + | //按键动作标志信号产生 |
| - | else if (((cnt_shi*10) + cnt_ge)==24) | + | always @ (posedge hold_pulse) |
| + | if(!rst==1) | ||
| + | hold_flag <= 0; | ||
| + | else | ||
| + | hold_flag <= ~hold_flag; | ||
| + | //计时完成标志信号产生 | ||
| + | always @ (*) | ||
| + | if(!rst == 1) | ||
| + | back_to_zero_flag <= 0; | ||
| + | else if(cnt_shi==0 && cnt_ge==0) | ||
| back_to_zero_flag <= 1; | back_to_zero_flag <= 1; | ||
| else | else | ||
| back_to_zero_flag <= 0; | back_to_zero_flag <= 0; | ||
| - | end | + | //24秒倒计时控制 |
| - | + | always @ (posedge clk1h or negedge rst) begin | |
| - | always @ (posedge hold) | + | if (!rst == 1) begin |
| - | hold_flag <= ~hold_flag; | + | cnt_ge <= 4'd4; |
| - | + | cnt_shi <= 4'd2; | |
| - | always @ (posedge clk_divided or posedge back_to_zero_flag) begin | + | end |
| - | if (back_to_zero_flag == 1) begin | + | else if(hold_flag == 1)begin |
| - | cnt_ge <= 0; | + | |
| - | cnt_shi <= 0; end | + | |
| - | else if (cnt_ge == 9) begin | + | |
| - | cnt_ge <= 0; | + | |
| - | cnt_shi <= cnt_shi + 1; end | + | |
| - | else if (hold_flag == 1) | + | |
| cnt_ge <= cnt_ge; | cnt_ge <= cnt_ge; | ||
| + | cnt_shi <= cnt_shi; | ||
| + | end | ||
| + | else if(cnt_shi==0 && cnt_ge==0) begin | ||
| + | cnt_shi <= cnt_shi; | ||
| + | cnt_ge <= cnt_ge; | ||
| + | end | ||
| + | else if(cnt_ge==0)begin | ||
| + | cnt_ge <= 4'd9; | ||
| + | cnt_shi <= cnt_shi-1;end | ||
| else | else | ||
| - | cnt_ge <= cnt_ge + 1; | + | cnt_ge <= cnt_ge -1; |
| end | end | ||
| - | + | //计时完成点亮led | |
| - | always @ (cnt_ge) begin | + | always @ ( back_to_zero_flag)begin |
| - | seg_led_1[8:0] <= {2'b00,seg[cnt_ge]}; | + | if (back_to_zero_flag==1) |
| - | end | + | led = 8'b0; |
| + | else | ||
| + | led = 8'b11111111; | ||
| + | end | ||
| + | |||
| + | assign seg_led_1[8:0] = {2'b00,seg[cnt_ge]}; | ||
| + | |||
| + | assign seg_led_2[8:0] = {2'b00,seg[cnt_shi]}; | ||
| - | always @ (cnt_shi) begin | + | |
| - | seg_led_2[8:0] <= {2'b00,seg[cnt_shi]}; | + | |
| - | end | + | |
| - | + | ||
| endmodule | endmodule | ||
| 行 129: | 行 145: | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | 以上就是一个N位按键的消抖程序，如果有按键按下会输出一个时钟周期的高脉冲。下面我们可以试试用这个按键消抖的输出来触发LED的显示，既按键一次LED翻转。你也可以不加按键消抖试试用按键来控制LED（按一次变亮，再按一次灭掉）。 | ||
| - | |||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | 下面的程序是例化调用debounce模块来控制LED | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | <code verilog> | ||
| - | // ******************************************************************** | ||
| - | // >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> COPYRIGHT NOTICE <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< | ||
| - | // ******************************************************************** | ||
| - | // File name : top.v | ||
| - | // Module name : top | ||
| - | // Author : STEP | ||
| - | // Description : | ||
| - | // Web : www.stepfpga.com | ||
| - | // | ||
| - | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
| - | // Code Revision History : | ||
| - | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
| - | // Version: |Mod. Date: |Changes Made: | ||
| - | // V1.0 |2017/03/02 |Initial ver | ||
| - | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
| - | // Module Function:进过按键消抖后控制led显示翻转 | ||
| - | |||
| - | module top (clk,rst,key,led); | ||
| - | |||
| - | input clk; | ||
| - | input rst; | ||
| - | input key; | ||
| - | output reg led; | ||
| - | |||
| - | wire key_pulse; | ||
| - | | ||
| - | //当按键按下时产生一个高脉冲，翻转一次led | ||
| - | always @(posedge clk or negedge rst) | ||
| - | begin | ||
| - | if (!rst) | ||
| - | led <= 1'b1; | ||
| - | else if (key_pulse) | ||
| - | led <= ~led; | ||
| - | else | ||
| - | led <= led; | ||
| - | end | ||
| - | //例化消抖module，这里没有传递参数N，采用了默认的N=1 | ||
| - | debounce u1 ( | ||
| - | .clk (clk), | ||
| - | .rst (rst), | ||
| - | .key (key), | ||
| - | .key_pulse (key_pulse) | ||
| - | ); | ||
| - | endmodule | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | \\ | ||
| ====引脚分配==== | ====引脚分配==== | ||
| ------- | ------- | ||
| 行 189: | 行 152: | ||
| |clk |C1 ^ | |clk |C1 ^ | ||
| |rst |L14 ^ | |rst |L14 ^ | ||
| - | |key |N14 ^ | + | |hold |M13 ^ |
| - | |led |N13 ^ | + | |seg_led_1[0] |C12 ^ |
| + | |seg_led_1[1] |B14 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[2] |J1 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[3] |H1 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[4] |H2 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[5] |B12 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[6] |A11 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[7] |K1 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_1[8] |A12 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[0] |A10 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[1] |C11 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[2] |F2 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[3] |E1 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[4] |E2 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[5] |A9 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[6] |B9 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[7] |F1 ^ | ||
| + | |seg_led_2[8] |C9 ^ | ||
| ====小结==== | ====小结==== | ||
| ------ | ------ | ||
| - | 在本实验学习了如何进行按键的消抖。在很多应用情况下我们必须采取消抖才能更好地控制逻辑。在下一个实验[[8. 计时控制|计时控制]]中我们将学习计时的显示和控制，在这里我们要用到按键的消抖以及数码管，我们甚至可以用小脚丫做一个计时器甚至电子表。 | + | 本实验主要介绍了计时器的实现方式，并且包含了复位与暂停功能，读者可自行修改程序内部的时钟参数来调节计时时间。下一节将介绍PWM调制技术的应用[[9. 呼吸灯|呼吸灯]]。 |