Some of the CPLD features are in common with PALs:

• Non-volatile configuration memory. Unlike many FPGAs, an external configuration ROM isn't required, and the CPLD can function immediately on system start-up.
• For many legacy CPLD devices, routing constrains most logic blocks to have input and output signals connected to external pins, reducing opportunities for internal state storage and deeply layered logic. This is usually not a factor for larger CPLDs and newer CPLD product families.

Other features are in common with FPGAs:

• Large number of gates available. CPLDs typically have the equivalent of thousands to tens of thousands of logic gates, allowing implementation of moderately complicated data processing devices. PALs typically have a few hundred gate equivalents at most, while FPGAs typically range from tens of thousands to several million.
• Some provisions for logic more flexible than sum-of-product expressions, including complicated feedback paths between macro cells, and specialized logic for implementing various commonly used functions, such as integer arithmetic.
• The most noticeable difference between a large CPLD and a small FPGA is the presence of on-chip non-volatile memory in the CPLD, which allows CPLDs to be used for “boot loader” functions, before handing over control to other devices not having their own permanent program storage. A good example is where a CPLD is used to load configuration data for an FPGA from non-volatile memory.

CPLDs were an evolutionary step from even smaller devices that preceded them, PLAs (first shipped by Signetics), and PALs. These in turn were preceded by standard logic products, that offered no programmability and were used to build logic functions by physically wiring several standard logic chips together (usually with wiring on a printed circuit board, but sometimes, especially for prototyping, using wire wrap wiring).

The main distinction between FPGA and CPLD device architectures is that FPGAs are internally based on look-up tables (LUTs) while CPLDs form the logic functions with sea-of-gates (for example, sum of products).

• VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL)
• Verilog Hardware Description Language
• Standard Test and Programming Language (JAM/STAPL)

• Altera
• Atmel
• Cypress Semiconductor
• Lattice Semiconductor
• Xilinx

• 专用集成电路(ASIC)
• 可擦除可编程逻辑器件(EPLD)
• 简单可编程逻辑器件(SPLD)
• Macrocell array
• 可编程阵列逻辑(PAL)
• 可编程逻辑阵列(PLA)
• 可编程逻辑器件(PLD)
• 通用阵列逻辑(GAL)
• 可编程电可擦除逻辑(PEEL)
• 现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)